This book was used in college level courses and has annotations and notes inside. Rachel Fuchs’ work on *Gender and Poverty in Nineteenth-Century Europe* examines how poverty was experienced differently by men and women, shaped by social, economic, and legal structures. She highlights how women, especially single mothers, widows, and working-class women, were disproportionately affected due to limited access to stable employment, education, and welfare. Fuchs explores how societal expectations confined women to domestic roles, making them more vulnerable to poverty. She also discusses state and charitable interventions, often reinforcing gender norms while providing minimal relief. The book provides a nuanced analysis of how gender and poverty intersected in 19th-century European societies.